Building a New "Paradigm"
Competencies
 

 


The assessment of competencies requires a definition of a competency:


"The terms "skills and "competencies" are not used as synonyms. Skills is used to designate an ability to perform complex motor and/or cognitive acts with ease, precision, and adaptability to changing conditions, while the term competence designates a complex action system encompassing cognitive skills, attitudes and other non-cognitive components."


Key competencies are the capabilities people need in order to live, learn, and contribute as active members of their communities.

Competencies are more complex than skills. Capable people draw on and combine all the resources available to them, including: knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values.

DeSeCo recognises the following competencies and we have attributed to each of these a capability which should result from the competency.

The New Zealand curriculum framework uses the DeSeCo report to frame a revised set of competencies; namely:

  • Thinking
  • Using language, symbols and texts
  • Relating to others
  • Managing self
  • Participating and contributing

The Centrality of the Competencies


Acknowledging Competencies

Assessing competencies via a grade or % is not really an option as they are value laden and complex in their makeup. The best way to provide effective feedback on competencies is to encourage learners to metacognitively reflect on their own competency and educators to acknowledge these reflections. Be specific as to what you want them to reflect on and provide a language set to guide them in their reflections.

The best tool to enable this is the use of online electronic portfolios. (see www.knowledge.net.nz for more information).


Language sets

Reflecting on competencies requires a new language set and educators will need to provide considerable opportunity for learners to develop this language set so that they are able to describe their own competencies.

Below are some language sets built around the taxonomy structure developed by John West-Burnham. These language sets are designed to be used by educators not by learners; they need their own revised sets!

1. All knowledge is situational and is wrapped in attitudes, qualities and values.
2. Context is everything! All actions whether based on knowledge, thinking (cognitive skills); Attitudes, Values & Ethics; or Emotions and Motivations is totally dependent on the context. Inappropriate thinking and actions in one context may be appropriate in another and vice versa.
3. Thinking is central to all competencies.
4. Assessing all the competencies would be a nightmare. This is about monitoring progress of specific competencies and using a common language to describe the capability of the learner at a given point in time in regard to that competency area.


Educator Competency Taxonomies for Year 6-9

Relating to Others
surface
deep
profound
Knowledge & Practical Skills      
Oral Language Sufficient Fluent Eloquent
Learning Relationships Dependent Interdependent Synergetic
Interpersonal Skills Friendly Insightful Creative
Leadership Learned Innate Inspirational
Cognitive Skills      
Openness Aware Flexible Adaptable
Self Discipline Organised Self controlled Scrupulous
Metacognition Contemplative Perceptive Discerning
Context Appropriateness Knowledgeable Sensitive Intuitive
Attitudes, Values & Ethics      
Sincerity Truthful Honest Virtuous
Outlook Pragmatic Hopeful Optimistic
Reliability Credible Dependable Trustworthy
Dependability Reliable Steadfast Loyal
Emotions & Motivation      
Motivation Extrinsic Intrinsic Moral
Commitment Obligated Enthusiastic Passionate
Social Relationships Self-aware Considerate Selfless
Concern for others Pity Sympathy Compassion




Managing Self
surface
deep
profound
Knowledge & Practical Skills      
Time Management Organised Efficient Effective
Autonomy Independence Interdependence Synergetic
Project Management Logical Systematic Adaptive
Goal Setting Achievable Challenging Visionary
Strategy Awareness Deliberate Planned Strategic
Cognitive Skills      
Perseverance/ Concentration Diligent Persistent Tenacious
Self Discipline Sensible Self controlled Scrupulous
Metacognition Contemplative Perceptive Discerning
Logical Thinking Common-sense Deductive Astute
Attitudes, Values & Ethics      
Resilience Persistent Steadfast Resolute
Outlook Pragmatic Hopeful Optimistic
Reliability Consistent Dependable Trustworthy
Dependability Reliable Steadfast Loyal
Emotions & Motivation      
Motivation Extrinsic Intrinsic Moral
Identity Cultural/Ethnic Relational Holistic
Commitment Obligated Enthusiastic Passionate
Creativity Resourceful Ingenious Enterprising
Curiosity Accepting Curious Amazed

 

Thinking
surface
deep
profound
Knowledge & Practical Skills      
Questioning Focus Recall Analysis Hypothesis
Research & Inquiry Linear Investigative Insightful
Thinking Language Competent Articulate Fluent
Logic & Argument Sound Reasoned Analytical
Cognitive Skills      
Creativity Resourceful Imaginative Ingenious
Perseverance/ Concentration Diligent Persistent Resolute
Critical Thinking Accepting Investigative Perceptive
Metacognition Contemplative Perceptive Discerning
Logical Thinking Common-sense Deductive Judicious
Self Discipline Organised Self controlled Scrupulous
Attitudes, Values & Ethics      
Persistence Aware Flexible Adaptable
Outlook Pragmatic Hopeful Optimistic
Reliability Consistent Dependable Trustworthy
Openness Aware Flexible Adaptable
Emotions & Motivation      
Motivation Extrinsic Intrinsic Moral
Commitment Obligated Enthusiastic Passionate
Creativity Resourceful Ingenious Enterprising
Empathy Aware Considerate Compassionate
Curiosity Curious Inspired Awed


Language Symbols & Text
surface
deep
profound
Knowledge & Practical Skills      
Cultural Symbolism Aware Experienced Deductive
Visual Decoding [Interpretation] Capable Perceptive Discerning
Synthesis Eclectic Sequential Relational
Distilling & Presenting Refine Enhance Enrich
Cognitive Skills      
Perseverance/ Concentration Diligent Persistent Resolute
Self Discipline Organised Self controlled Scrupulous
Metacognition Contemplative Perceptive Discerning
Logical Thinking Commonness Deductive Judicious
Attitudes, Values & Ethics      
Creativity Resourceful Ingenious Enterprising
Openness Aware Flexible Adaptable
Confidence Secure Assured Intrepid
Persistence Aware Flexible Adaptable
Emotions & Motivation      
Motivation Extrinsic Intrinsic Moral
Commitment Obligated Enthusiastic Passionate
Curiosity Accepting Curious Awed
Creativity Resourceful Ingenious Enterprising

 

Participating & Contributing
surface
deep
profound
Knowledge & Practical Skills      
Knowledge Knowledge Understanding Wisdom
Oral Language Communicative Succinct Effective
Context Genuine Meaningful Authentic
Teamwork Helpful Co-operative Inspirational
Cognitive Skills      
Social Nuance Aware Reflective Intuitive
Learning Accepting Critical Astute
Metacognition Contemplative Perceptive Discerning
Teaching Tentative Adept Gifted
Attitudes, Values & Ethics      
Resilience Stoic Responsive Perceptive
Outlook Pragmatic Hopeful Optimistic
Reliability Consistent Dependable Trustworthy
Personal Impact Encouraging Motivational Profound
Emotions & Motivation      
Commitment Obligated Enthusiastic Passionate
Self Confidence Assertive Assured Secure
Creativity Resourceful Ingenious Enterprising
Motivation Extrinsic Intrinsic Moral